This article reviews current evidence, evaluates pharmacological and mechanistic safety profiles, summarizes recent cohort studies, and discusses clinical management strategies for preconception counselling and inadvertent exposure
In March 2024, the FDA further approved Wegovy to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke) in adults with established cardiovascular disease and either obesity or overweight
Abbreviations CVD: Cardiovascular disease T2D: Type 2 diabetes CV: Cardiovascular HF: Heart failure GLP-1RA: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist SGLT-2: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 MACE: Major cardiovascular events MI: Myocardial infarction ADA: American Diabetes Association HFrEF: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction HFpEF: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction FDA: Food and Drug Administration NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey CKD: Chronic kidney disease References Grundy SM, Benjamin IJ, Burke GL, et al
The copper-bound complex delivers Cu to copper-dependent enzymes such as lysyl oxidase, which catalyzes collagen and elastin cross-linking
It supports injury recovery primarily by upregulating collagen and elastin synthesis, stimulating angiogenesis via VEGF and bFGF pathways, and broadly resetting gene expression in damaged tissue